Beyond Visualization: Augmented Reality as a Catalyst for Consumer Purchase Decision-Making
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63544/jbii.v5i7.121Keywords:
Stakeholder Purchase Decision-Making Process, Stakeholder Involvement, Augmented Reality Implementation Success, Purchase Intention, Construction Industry, PakistanAbstract
This study examines how the stakeholder purchase decision-making process influences purchase intention within Pakistan's real estate construction sector. Specifically, it investigates the mediating role of stakeholder involvement in explaining the relationship between the stakeholder purchase decision-making process and purchase intention. In addition, the research extends the proposed framework by assessing the moderating effect of augmented reality implementation success on the relationship between the stakeholder purchase decision-making process and stakeholder involvement.
A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected from 222 respondents representing various organizations in Pakistan's construction industry using a convenience sampling approach. The proposed model was evaluated using SPSS 26.0 for preliminary statistical analysis and SmartPLS 4.0 for structural equation modelling.
The empirical findings reveal that the stakeholder purchase decision-making process has a significant positive influence on purchase intention, both directly and indirectly through stakeholder involvement. Furthermore, successful implementation of augmented reality strengthens the positive relationship between the stakeholder purchase decision-making process and stakeholder involvement, highlighting the strategic value of emerging digital technologies in construction-related purchasing decisions.
References
Adebowale, O. J., & Agumba, J. N. (2022). Applications of augmented reality for construction productivity improvement: A systematic review. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 11(6), 1421–1442. https://doi.org/10.1108/SASBE-04-2021-0065
Ahmed, S., & Ting, D. H. (2023). Anticipated emotion in planned versus unplanned purchase: Scale development and validation. The Service Industries Journal, 43(1–2), 104–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2021.2013060
Ahmed, S., Ting, D. H., Sharif, T., & Abedin, M. Z. (2023). Implication of the "camera eats first" construct: Unraveling the potentials of digital images in social media on information sharing. Electronic Commerce Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-023-09708-4
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Amos, C., Holmes, G. R., & Keneson, W. C. (2014). A meta-analysis of consumer impulse buying. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(2), 86–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2013.11.004
Arowoiya, V. A., Oke, A. E., Akanni, P. O., Kwofie, T. E., & Enih, P. I. (2023). Augmented reality for construction revolution: Analysis of critical success factors. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(11), 1867–1874. https://doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2022.2038327
Atkin, B., & Skitmore, M. (2008). Stakeholder management in construction. Construction Management and Economics, 26(6), 549–552. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802071114
Barker, C., Martin, B., & Zournazi, M. (2008). Emotional self-management for activists. Reflective Practice, 9(4), 423–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623940802431424
Bischoff, R., & Kazi, A. (2004). Perspectives on augmented reality-based human–robot interaction with industrial robots. In Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (Vol. 4, pp. 3226–3231). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2004.1389842
Bosnjak, M., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Selected recent advances and applications. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 16(3), 352–356. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v16i3.3107
Brown, S. D., Cromby, J., Harper, D. J., Johnson, K., & Reavey, P. (2011). Researching "experience": Embodiment, methodology, process. Theory & Psychology, 21(4), 493–515. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354310377542
Brown, S., Kozinets, R. V., & Sherry, J. F., Jr. (2003). Teaching old brands new tricks: Retro branding and the revival of brand meaning. Journal of Marketing, 67(3), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.67.3.19.18657
Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2012). Quantitative data analysis with IBM SPSS 17, 18 & 19: A guide for social scientists (1st ed.). Routledge.
Bryson, J. M. (2004). What to do when stakeholders matter: Stakeholder identification and analysis techniques. Public Management Review, 6(1), 21–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719030410001675722
Burnes, B. (2005). Complexity theories and organizational change. International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(2), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2005.00107.x
Calinon, S., Guenter, F., & Billard, A. (2007). On learning, representing, and generalizing a task in a humanoid robot. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics), 37(2), 286–298. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCB.2006.886952
Checheleva, K., & Kucheryavenko, T. (2017). Consumers' preferences towards eco-labeled products and purchase intention: The moderating effect of national culture.
Chen, K., & Xue, F. (2022). The renaissance of augmented reality in construction: History, present status, and future directions. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 11(3), 575–592. https://doi.org/10.1108/SASBE-05-2021-0083
Chen, Y., & Barnes, S. (2007). Initial trust and online buyer behaviour. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 107(1), 21–36. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635570710719034
Chintamani, K., Cao, A., Ellis, R. D., & Pandya, A. K. (2010). Improved telemanipulator navigation during display-control misalignments using augmented reality cues. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, 40(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCA.2009.2034925
Chong, J. W. S., Ong, S. K., Nee, A. Y. C., & Youcef-Toumi, K. (2009). Robot programming using augmented reality: An interactive method for planning collision-free paths. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 25(3), 689–701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2008.05.002
Conner, M. (2020). Theory of planned behavior. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of Sport Psychology (4th ed., pp. 1–18). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119568124.ch1
Conner, M., & Armitage, C. J. (1998). Extending the theory of planned behavior: A review and avenues for further research. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(15), 1429–1464. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01685.x
Dell'Anna, F., & Dell'Ovo, M. (2022). A stakeholder-based approach managing conflictual values in urban design processes: The case of an open prison in Barcelona. Land Use Policy, 114, Article 105934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105934
Dhar, R., & Kim, E. Y. (2007). Seeing the forest or the trees: Implications of construal level theory for consumer choice. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(2), 96–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1057-7408(07)70015-2
Dijksterhuis, A. (2004). Think different: The merits of unconscious thought in preference development and decision making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(5), 586–598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.586
Ding, Z., Nie, W., & Wu, H. (2022). Investigating the connection between stakeholders' purchase intention and perceived value of construction and demolition waste recycled products. Environment, Development and Sustainability. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02814-3
Ehrenmann, M., Ambela, D., Steinaus, P., & Dillmann, R. (2000). A comparison of four fast vision-based object recognition methods for programming by demonstration applications. In Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Vol. 2, pp. 1862–1867). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2000.844832
Fang, H. C., Ong, S. K., & Nee, A. Y. C. (2014). A novel augmented reality-based interface for robot path planning. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing, 8(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-013-0181-y
Felix, R. (2014). Multi-brand loyalty: When one brand is not enough. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 17(4), 464–480. https://doi.org/10.1108/QMR-06-2012-0024
Fischer, C., Parry, I. W. H., & Pizer, W. A. (2003). Instrument choice for environmental protection when technological innovation is endogenous. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 45(3), 523–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00089-7
Giovanis, A. N., Tomaras, P., & Zondiros, D. (2013). Suppliers' logistics service quality performance and its effect on retailers' behavioral intentions. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 73, 302–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.02.056
Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11(2), 87–98. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-11.2.87
Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing paradigms in qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 105–117). Sage Publications.
Hajirasouli, A., & Banihashemi, S. (2022). Augmented reality in architecture and construction education: State of the field and opportunities. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1), Article 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00343-3
Hajirasouli, A., Banihashemi, S., Drogemuller, R., Fazeli, A., & Mohandes, S. R. (2022). Augmented reality in design and construction: Thematic analysis and conceptual frameworks. Construction Innovation, 22(3), 412–443. https://doi.org/10.1108/CI-01-2021-0011
Han, B.-O., Kim, Y.-H., Cho, K., & Yang, H. S. (2010). Museum tour guide robot with augmented reality. In 2010 16th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (pp. 223–229). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/VSMM.2010.5665952
Heravi, A., Coffey, V., & Trigunarsyah, B. (2015). Evaluating the level of stakeholder involvement during the project planning processes of building projects. International Journal of Project Management, 33(5), 985–997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.12.007
Hewei, T., & Youngsook, L. (2022). Factors affecting continuous purchase intention of fashion products on social e-commerce: SOR model and the mediating effect. Entertainment Computing, 41, Article 100474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2021.100474
Hodge, G. A., & Greve, C. (2010). Public–private partnerships: Governance scheme or language game? Australian Journal of Public Administration, 69(S1), S8–S22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.2009.00659.x
Hossain, M. A., Dwivedi, Y. K., Chan, C., Standing, C., & Olanrewaju, A.-S. (2018). Sharing political content in online social media: A planned and unplanned behaviour approach. Information Systems Frontiers, 20(3), 485–501. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-017-9820-9
Hyde, K. F. (2000). Recognising deductive processes in qualitative research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 3(2), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.1108/13522750010322089
Iyer, E. S. (1989). Unplanned purchasing: Knowledge of shopping environment and time pressure. Journal of Retailing, 65(1), 40–57.
- Dickson, T., Benson, A. M., & Terwiel, F. A. (2014). Mega-event volunteers, similar or different? Vancouver 2010 vs. London 2012. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 5(2), 164–179. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-08-2013-0022
Jaafar, S. N., Lalp, P. E., & Naba, M. M. (2012). Consumers' perceptions, attitudes, and purchase intention towards private label food products in Malaysia. Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 2(8), 73–90.
Jahn, G., Newnham, C., & van den Berg, N. (2022). Augmented reality for construction from steam-bent timber. In POST-CARBON: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA) (Vol. 2, pp. 191–200).
Jarzabkowski, P. (2005). Strategy as practice: An activity-based approach. Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446215494
Jia, Q., Guo, Y., & Barnes, S. J. (2017). Enterprise 2.0 post-adoption: Extending the information system continuance model based on the technology–organization–environment framework. Computers in Human Behavior, 67, 95–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.10.022
Kettlewell, J., Phillips, J., Radford, K., & Dasnair, R. (2018). Informing evaluation of a smartphone application for people with acquired brain injury: A stakeholder engagement study. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 18(1), Article 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-018-0610-3
Klijn, E. H., & Koppenjan, J. (2016). The impact of contract characteristics on the performance of public–private partnerships (PPPs). Public Money & Management, 36(6), 455–462. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2016.1206756
Kolaei, A. Z., Hedayati, E., Khanzadi, M., & Amiri, G. G. (2022). Challenges and opportunities of augmented reality during the construction phase. Automation in Construction, 143, Article 104586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104586
Kollat, D. T., & Willett, R. P. (1967). Customer impulse purchasing behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 4(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224376700400103
Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network-theory. Oxford University Press.
Leluschko, C., & Tholen, C. (2023). Goals and stakeholder involvement in XAI for remote sensing: A structured literature review. In International Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications of Artificial Intelligence (pp. 519–525). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43499-1_39
Leung, M., Yu, J., & Liang, Q. (2013). Improving public engagement in construction development projects from a stakeholder's perspective. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 139(11), Article 04013019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000752
Loh, E. G. Y., Stephenson, M. L., & Nezakati, H. (2021). Constructing a methodological approach to examine the determinants affecting purchase intention through perceived risk in the hotel context. Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 3(2), 17–34.
Mackenzie, N., & Knipe, S. (2006). Research dilemmas: Paradigms, methods and methodology. Issues in Educational Research, 16(2), 193–205.
Marín, R., Sanz, P. J., Nebot, P., & Wirz, R. (2005). A multimodal interface to control a robot arm via the web: A case study on remote programming. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 52(6), 1506–1520. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2005.858733
Masood, T., & Egger, J. (2019). Augmented reality in support of Industry 4.0: Implementation challenges and success factors. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 58, 181–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2019.02.003
Mirabi, V., Akbariyeh, H., & Tahmasebifard, H. (2015). A study of factors affecting customers' purchase intention. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), 2(1), 267–273.
Molla, A., & Licker, P. S. (2001). E-commerce systems success: An attempt to extend and respecify the DeLone and McLean model of IS success. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 2(4), 131–141.
Nederhand, J., & Klijn, E. H. (2019). Stakeholder involvement in public–private partnerships: Its influence on the innovative character of projects and on project performance. Administration & Society, 51(8), 1200–1226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399716684887
Ogwueleka, A. C. (2013). A review of safety and quality issues in the construction industry. Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management, 3(3), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.6106/JCEPM.2013.3.3.042
Olander, S. (2007). Stakeholder impact analysis in construction project management. Construction Management and Economics, 25(3), 277–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190600879125
Phillips, R., Freeman, R. E., & Wicks, A. C. (2003). What stakeholder theory is not. Business Ethics Quarterly, 13(4), 479–502. https://doi.org/10.5840/beq200313434
Ponterotto, J. G., & Grieger, I. (1999). Merging qualitative and quantitative perspectives in a research identity. In Counseling psychologists in a multicultural world (book chapter).
Porter, M. E., & Heppelmann, J. E. (2017). Why every organization needs an augmented reality strategy. In HBR's 10 Must Reads 2017 (pp. 85–100). Harvard Business Review Press.
Rasco, R. W., Tennyson, R. D., & Boutwell, R. C. (1975). Imagery instructions and drawings in learning prose. Journal of Educational Psychology, 67(2), 188–192. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077018
Reichardt, C. S., & Cook, T. D. (1979). Beyond qualitative versus quantitative methods. In T. D. Cook & C. S. Reichardt (Eds.), Qualitative and quantitative methods in evaluation research (pp. 7–32). Sage Publications.
Reinhart, G., Munzert, U., & Vogl, W. (2008). A programming system for robot-based remote-laser-welding with conventional optics. CIRP Annals, 57(1), 37–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2008.03.090
Rook, D. W. (1987). The buying impulse. Journal of Consumer Research, 14(2), 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1086/209105
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2003). Research methods for business students (3rd ed.). Pearson Education.
Sebastian, T., Yammiyavar, P. G., & Jones, S. (2018). Brand selection in planned purchasing: An analysis of Asian user behavior. IAFOR Journal of Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences, 4(2), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.22492/ijpbs.4.2.01
Shah, S. S. H., Aziz, J., Jaffari, A. R., Waris, S., Ejaz, W., Fatima, M., & Sherazi, S. K. (2012). The impact of brands on consumer purchase intentions. Asian Journal of Business Management, 4(2), 105–110.
Sohn, Y. S., & Ko, M. T. (2021). The impact of planned vs. unplanned purchases on subsequent purchase decision making in sequential buying situations. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59, Article 102419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102419
Stacey, R. D., Griffin, D., & Shaw, P. (2000). Complexity and management: Fad or radical challenge to systems thinking? Routledge.
Tang, X., Zhao, D., Yamada, H., & Ni, T. (2009). Haptic interaction in tele-operation control system of construction robot based on virtual reality. In Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (pp. 78–83). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMA.2009.5246303
Thapa, A. (2012). Consumer switching behaviour: A study of shampoo brands.
Tirmizi, M. A., Rehman, K.-U., & Saif, M. I. (2009). An empirical study of consumer impulse buying behavior in local markets. European Journal of Scientific Research, 28(4), 522–532.
Tsetserukou, D., Sato, K., Kawakami, N., & Tachi, S. (2009). Teleoperation system with haptic feedback for physical interaction with remote environment. In Proceedings of the 2009 ICCAS-SICE (pp. 3353–3358). IEEE.
Valentini, P. P. (2009). Interactive virtual assembling in augmented reality. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing, 3(2), 109–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-009-0060-2
Van Bueren, E. M., Klijn, E. H., & Koppenjan, J. F. M. (2003). Dealing with wicked problems in networks: Analyzing an environmental debate from a network perspective. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 13(2), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpart/mug017
Van Woerkum, C. M. J., & Aarts, M. N. C. (2008). The orientation of organizations to their environments: Functions of the unconscious mind. Journal of Public Relations Research, 20(2), 180–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/10627260701826933
Verbeke, A., & Tung, V. (2013). The future of stakeholder management theory: A temporal perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 112(3), 529–543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1276-3
Waldherr, S., Romero, R., & Thrun, S. (2000). A gesture-based interface for human–robot interaction. Autonomous Robots, 9(2), 151–173. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008987621250
Walker, D. H. T., & Bourne, L. (2007). Stakeholders and the supply chain. In P. E. D. Love, D. H. T. Walker, & P. S. Brandon (Eds.), Procurement systems: A cross-industry project management perspective (pp. 94–124). Routledge.
Yin, X., & Zhu, X. (2006). Hand posture recognition in gesture-based human–robot interaction. In Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (Vol. 1, pp. 1–6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIEA.2006.257103
Yuqian, D., Xiaogang, L., & Chenhui, Y. (2021). Model construction and empirical study on the influencing factors of purchasing intention of sustainable brand clothing. Wool Textile Journal, 49(10), 1–8.
Zhu, Y., Li, Y., Wang, W., & Chen, J. (2010). What leads to post-implementation success of ERP? An empirical study of the Chinese retail industry. International Journal of Information Management, 30(3), 265–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2009.09.007
Zid, C., Kasim, N., & Soomro, A. R. (2020). Effective project management approach to attain project success, based on cost–time–quality. International Journal of Project Organisation and Management, 12(2), 149–163. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPOM.2020.106339
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Umer, Zainab Zeeshan, Amna Aslam, M. Haroon Raza , Sana Tanveer

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.